Decentralization and leakage
- Variable relationship:
Local governance is widely believed to have advantages over central governance in the management of environmental commons. However, it is commonly argued that a comparative weakness of local governance (Centralization) is its inability to resolve large-scale environmental problems, most prominently climate change (Sovacool and Brown 2009). Much of this difficulty comes from the inability to fully internalize the negative externalities that local governmental units can inflict on each other across space. As local governance processes work on internalizing their own externalities, they can do so by exacerbating the same problems outside of their jurisdiction, through a process known as leakage (Leakage). Ultimately, this process can be characterized as a scale mismatch problem (Scale Match), where the scale of the environmental resource or issues exceeds the scale of the local jurisdiction that is trying to address it.
- Project
- SESMAD
- Sector(s)
- Scientific Field
- Component Type(s)
- Local Government, Group of Local Governments
- Status
- Public
Variables
Variable | Role | Role Explanation | Value |
---|---|---|---|
Centralization | Underlying independent variable | The theory starts with a somewhat to highly decentralized governance system. | Highly decentralized |
Scale match | Proximate independent variable | As a result of the governance system being highly decentralized, there is a mismatch between its (fairly local) decision-making scale and the scale of the environmental commons involved. | No |
Social-ecological fit | Proximate independent variable | Institutions that uncover the spatial scale and heterogeneity and key links of ecosystems are more likely to have expected effects on resource conditions. As a result of the governance system being highly decentralized there is a misfit between social and ecological conditions. | Low |
Leakage | Intermediate outcome | Due to the scale mismatch between the governance system and commons involved, leakage can occur, producing externalities outside of the jurisdictional decision-making arrangements. | Yes, leakage of costs |
Commons condition trend | Final outcome | Leakage leads to declines in the commons outside of the jurisdiction of one or more local governance systems. | Worsened |
Related Theories
Theory | Relationship | Characterizing Variables |
---|---|---|
Political decentralization and fit | contradictory | |
Decentralization and elite capture | related | |
Community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) | contradictory | |
Decentralization and local capacity | related | |
Centralized conservation | related | |
Social-ecological fit theory | contains |
Related Studies
Study | Relationship |
---|---|
Sovacool, B. K., and M. A. Brown. 2009. Scaling the policy response to climate change. Policy and Society 27:317–328. Elsevier. | support |