Variable: Commons spatial extent
| Variable Type | Interval |
|---|---|
| Variable Component Type | Environmental Common |
| Variable Kind | Component |
| Theme | Spatial (learn about themes) |
| Projects | SESMAD, Fiji fisheries |
| Question | What is the approximate spatial extent of this environmental commons (put in terms of square kilometers)? |
| Select Options | |
| Unit | |
| Role | |
| Importance | The distribution of the commons has several implications for resource management and ecology including: island biogeography (Krebs, 2009), the availability of information and distribution of costs and benefits (Giordano, 2003), patch dynamics (Bakus, 2007; Holling and Meffe, 1996), and the number of users that may use a given resource (Agrawal and Goyal, 2001). Larger-scale commons are generally more difficult to manage because of the increased likelihood of negative externalities between distinct actor groups. |
| Definition | The spatial extent of a commons is either (1) the actual extent of a natural resource system or (2) the range of a natural resource unit or pollutant. |
| Sectors |
Theory Usages
Associated Studies
Component Usages
| Component | Value Used | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Arrow Squid (Nototodarus spp.) | 4249084 | AREA: 4,517,105 km2 – LAND (268,021km2) = 4,249,084 km2 Nabis Map (MPI 2016) |
| California Groundfish Habitat | 16588 | A rough estimate based on the EFH map: 60% of area: so 60% of 10,675 square miles, 27,648 square kilometers = 16,588 square kilometers Cordell Bank: 1,286 square miles Gulf of the Farallones: 3,295 square miles Monterey Bay: 6,094 square miles |
| California Humpback Whale | 395630 | 115,200 nautical miles roughly according to Calambokidis et al. 2000. |
| California market squid (Loligo opalescens) | 900649 | From Baja Mexico to 55degrees North in Alaska, about 200 nm out from the coast 900,649km 2 |
| California Rocky Shores Ecosystem Health | 2.1 | Rocky shoreline is about 56% of the Monterey Bay Sanctuary shoreline (EIS, 2008), so covers about 156 miles, or 251 kilometers, of the Monterey Sanctuary. While none of Cordell Bank is covered by rocky shoreline, the activities in the bank could influence this ecosystem, particularly oil spills. Although a number has not been found, the amount of rocky shores along the Gulf of the Farallones coast was 22% before 2015. The expansion added about 68 miles along the shoreline, coming to a very rough about 170 miles of shoreline. If the 22% is extended to the expansion, this would come out to about 38 miles, or 61 kilometers, of rocky shoreline. This is a total of 194 miles, or 213 kilometers of rocky shoreline. If we say an estimate of average rocky shoreline width (from splash zone to low zone) of 30 feet, that is about .01 kilometers, which is a total of about 2.1 square kilometers. |
| Cenderwasih coral cover | Missing | |
| Cenderwasih green turtle | 13852 | 13852km2 - coded here are size of Cenderwasih NP. But found across the entire info-pacific ocean |
| Cenderwasih target fish | 13852 | 13852km2 is the area of the Cenderwasih National Park. The entire Bay is much larger. |
| Community A Fish Resources | 261.6 | |
| Community B Fish Resources | 261.6 |
About Themes
Basic:A basic variable describes essential and basic background information for a component.
Biophysical:Biophysical variables describe just that: important biophysical properties, largely of environmental commons, that are not captured by a more specific theme.
Causation:A variable with this theme describes issues of causality, which is a complex subject. Most basically this theme is associated with variables that describe different types of causation and different types of causes of environmental problems.
Context:contextual variable relates the component with which it associated to the social and/or ecological setting of a particular interaction and/or case.
Ecosystem services:Variables associated with this theme describe factors that affect or describe the provision of important ecosystem services by a natural resource.
Enforcement:Enforcement involves several different processes, including monitoring for violations of rules, sanctioning violators, and conflict resolution mechanisms involved in this process. Variables that relate to any of these processes should be attached to this theme.
External:Variables with this theme relate a component to processes external to the case with which the component is associated.
Heterogeneity:Variables with this theme describe important ways in which the member of an actor group differ from each other.
Incentives: This theme is associated with variables that are not directly related to institutions and rules, but which still play a role in affecting the incentives that commons users have to ameliorate or exacerbate the commons they use.
Institutional-biophysical linkage:This is a sub-theme of the institutions theme, and describes those variables that ask about the relationship between a set of institutions and a biophysical aspect of a commons.
Institutions:Variables with this theme describe the social institutions (rules, property rights) that are used to organize and direct human behavior. It does not include monitoring and enforcement of these institutions, as these are associated with the Enforcement theme.
Knowledge and uncertainty:Variables with this theme describe levels of knowledge that actor groups have regarding a commons, as well as factors that affect how much uncertainty there is in the status and dynamics of that commons.
Leadership:Leaders play an important role in commons management, most traditionally by providing for public goods needed to organize commons users. But there are other possible roles, and variables associated with this theme can relate to any role that a leader might play in an interaction.
Outcomes:This theme is attached to variables that deal with any outcomes that are produced by the actions of relevant actors in an interaction.
Resource renewability:Variables associated with this theme deal with the ability of a natural resource to be highly productive and renewable.
Social capital:Social capital captures the processes that enable the members of an actor group to work effectively together. Variables associated with this theme describe factors that affect or in some way express the level of social capital among members of a group.
Spatial:Variables associated with the Spatial theme describe important spatial patterns or dynamics, such as the spatial heterogeneity of a commons, or whether or not a user group resides within a particular commons.
Technology:This theme is attached to variables that consider the role that technology and infrastructure have in affecting commons outcomes.