| Variable Type | Binary |
|---|---|
| Variable Component Type | Natural Resource Unit, Natural Resource System |
| Variable Kind | Interaction |
| Theme | Technology (learn about themes) |
| Projects | SESMAD, Fiji fisheries |
| Question | Do roads play an important role in the governance of resource? |
| Select Options | |
| Unit | |
| Role | |
| Importance | "This variable is important as a proxy of the connectedness of the system to markets and the physical accessibility of the resource. Roads can thus increase the diffusion of knowledge and technology, and facilitates the arrival of humanitarian aid, but, at the same time, increases the spread of diseases (e.g., flu) and invasive species (Young et al. 2006). In relation to the extraction of common-pool resources, roads facilitates the extraction of natural resources, facilitate trading or transportation of the resource or pollutant, and access formerly remote areas (Young 1994; Laurence et al. 2009)." |
| Definition | Roads increase the connectedness of the system to markets and the physical accessibility of the commons. Increased connectedness, which is distinctive in our global era, simultaneously causes positive and negative effects on systems. |
| Sectors |
Theory Usages
| Theory | Value Used |
|---|
Associated Studies
| Study Citation |
|---|
Case Usages
| Case | Interaction Type | Component | Value Used | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Forests in Indonesia | Governance | Forests in Indonesia | Yes | Construction of roads enabled access to the resource, both by extractive industries & rural farmers, leading to forest degradation. |
| Forests in Indonesia | Governance | Forests in Indonesia | Yes | Roads provide access for extractive industries. |
| Galapagos Marine Reserve | Biophysical | Galapagos Sea Cucumber | ||
| Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ICCAT) | Governance | Western Atlantic Bluefin Tuna | No | |
| Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ICCAT) | Governance | Eastern Atlantic Bluefin Tuna | No | |
| Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ICCAT) | Governance | Eastern Atlantic Bluefin Tuna | No | |
| Montreal Protocol | Biophysical | Ozone | No | |
| Great Barrier Reef Marine Park | Governance | GBR coral cover | No | |
| Great Barrier Reef Marine Park | Governance | GBR coral cover | No | |
| Montreal Protocol | Biophysical | Ozone | No | |
| Great Barrier Reef Marine Park | Governance | GBR target fish | No | |
| Great Barrier Reef Marine Park | Governance | GBR target fish | No | |
| Galapagos Marine Reserve (GMR) | Governance | Galapagos Sea Cucumber | Not Applicable | |
| Macquarie Island Marine Park | Governance | Patagonian Toothfish | No | |
| Macquarie Island Marine Park | Governance | Light Mantled Albatross | No | |
| Macquarie Island Marine Park | Governance | Macquarie Island Royal Penguin | No | |
| Wakatobi National Park | Governance | Wakatobi coral cover | Not Applicable | |
| Wakatobi National Park | Governance | Wakatobi fish spawning | No | |
| Wakatobi National Park | Governance | Wakatobi Green Turtle | Not Applicable | |
| Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI) Marine National Monument | Governance | NWHI Lobster Fishery | Not Applicable | |
| Galapagos Marine Reserve (GMR) | Governance | Galapagos Green Turtle | Not Applicable | |
| Galapagos Marine Reserve (GMR) | Governance | Galapagos Sharks | Not Applicable | |
| Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI) Marine National Monument | Governance | NWHI Trophic Density | No | |
| Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI) Marine National Monument | Governance | NWHI Green Turtle | Not Applicable | |
| Central California National Marine Sanctuaries | Governance | California Humpback Whale | No | |
| Central California National Marine Sanctuaries | Governance | California Rocky Shores Ecosystem Health | Yes | "Debris from coastal development and highway maintenance can create disturbances, similar to landslides, that can immediately eliminate habitat or have long-term impacts related to sand movement and burial on adjacent sites." (SIMoN 2015) |
| Community A (Fiji fisheries) | Governance | Community A Fish Resources | No | |
| Community B (Fiji Fisheries) | Governance | Community B Fish Resources | No | |
| Community C (Fiji Fisheries) | Governance | Community C Fish Resources | No | |
| Raja Ampat (National Act No. 32 2004) | Governance | Raja Ampat Coral Cover | Not Applicable | |
| Raja Ampat (National Act No. 32 2004) | Governance | Raja Ampat Green Turtle | Not Applicable | |
| Raja Ampat (National Act No. 32 2004) | Governance | Raja Ampat Reef Fish | Not Applicable | |
| Central California National Marine Sanctuaries | Governance | California Groundfish Habitat | No | |
| Svalbard Nature Reserves | Governance | Svalbard Polar Bear | No | There are no roads in the Nature Reserves, or anywhere outside the settlements on Svalbard. Since it’s a polar environment, in regions near the towns (but not in the Nature Reserves), snowmobile provides a primary mode of transport. |
| Community F (Fiji Fisheries) | Governance | Community F Fish Resources | Missing | |
| Great Australian Bight Marine Park (GABMP) (Commonwealth Waters) | Governance | GABMP (Commonwealth Waters) Southern Right Whale | Yes | Roads allow access to monitor the south-west southern right whale population from land at the Head of Bight. They also provide access for tourists to watch whales from the cliffs at the Head of Bight. |
| Svalbard Nature Reserves | Governance | Svalbard Shrimp | No | There are no roads in the Nature Reserves, or anywhere outside the settlements on Svalbard. Since it’s a polar environment, in regions near the towns (but not in the Nature Reserves), snowmobile provides a primary mode of transport. |
| Great Australian Bight Marine Park (GABMP) (Commonwealth Waters) | Governance | GABMP (Commonwealth Waters) Southern Bluefin Tuna | Not Applicable | |
| Seaflower MPA | Governance | Seaflower coral reefs | Not Applicable | |
| Great Barrier Reef Marine Park | Governance | GBR Green Turtle | No | |
| Heard and McDonald Islands Marine Reserve | Governance | Light Mantled Albatross | No | |
| Heard and McDonald Islands Marine Reserve | Governance | King Penguin | No | |
| Heard and McDonald Islands Marine Reserve | Governance | Patagonian Toothfish | Not Applicable | |
| Great Australian Bight Marine Park (GABMP) (Commonwealth Waters) | Governance | GABMP (Commonwealth Waters) Sea Lion | No | |
| Svalbard Nature Reserves | Governance | Svalbard Kittiwake | No | There are no roads in the Nature Reserves, or anywhere outside the settlements on Svalbard. Since it’s a polar environment, in regions near the towns (but not in the Nature Reserves), snowmobile provides a primary mode of transport. |
| Community D (Fiji Fisheries) | Governance | Community D Fish Resources | No | |
| Community E (Fiji Fisheries) | Governance | Community E Fish Resources | Missing | |
| Community G (Fiji Fisheries) | Governance | Community G Fish Resources | Missing | |
| Community H (Fiji Fisheries) | Governance | Community H Fish Resources | Missing | |
| Seaflower MPA | Governance | Seaflower groupers | Missing | NO DATA |
| Cenderwasih National Park | Governance | Cenderwasih coral cover | No | |
| Cenderwasih National Park | Governance | Cenderwasih target fish | No | |
| Falkland Islands squid | Governance | Patagonian squid (Loligo gahi) | No | |
| New Zealand squid | Governance | Arrow Squid (Nototodarus spp.) | No | |
| California squid | Governance | California market squid (Loligo opalescens) | No | |
| Pond aquaculture on Lombok, Indonesia | Governance | Lombok aquaculture irrigation canals | Missing | |
| Pond aquaculture on Lombok, Indonesia | Governance | Lombok aquaculture irrigation canals | ||
| Caete-Teperacu Extractive Reserve (RESEX) in Braganca, Brazil | Governance | Mangrove forest in Bragança, Brazil | Yes | |
| Gili Trawangan Coastal Tourism | Governance | Coral reefs, coast and small-island on and surrounding Gili Trawangan, Indonesia | Not Applicable | |
| Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica fisheries governance | Governance | Gulf of Nicoya fisheries | Yes |