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Social-Ecological Systems Meta-Analysis Database: Variables

Variable TypeBinary
Variable Component TypeActor
Variable KindInteraction
ThemeIncentives (learn about themes)
ProjectsSESMAD
QuestionWould you say that this actor acts like a "roving bandit" (moving from place to place and degrading resources along the way)?
Select Options
Unit
RoleCommonsUser
ImportanceActors who use multiple commons frequently do not have incentives to take care of any one of them. Roving banditry frequenty results in rapid deterioration of the commons.
Definition

"A roving bandit is an actor that uses multiple commons, frequently in sequence, and is usually not highly dependent on any one commons. Frequently the sequential use of different commons is enabled by high user mobility. This variable can be seen as a combination (or result) of high actor mobility, low economic dependence, and high resource alternatives (three other variables). The governance regime around the commons involved are frequently, but not necessarily, open-access."

Sectors

Theory Usages

TheoryValue Used
Roving banditryYes

Associated Studies

Study Citation

Case Usages

CaseInteraction TypeComponentValue UsedExplanation
Great Barrier Reef Marine ParkGovernanceGBR recreational fishersNo
Great Barrier Reef Marine ParkGovernanceGBR commercial fishersNo
Raja Ampat (National Act No. 32 2004)GovernanceRaja Ampat TourismNot Applicable
Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica fisheries governanceGovernancePaquera-Tambor AMPR Costa RicaYes
Galapagos Marine Reserve (GMR)GovernanceGalapagos Artisan FishermenNoAll fisheries became depleted around the same time. Fishers have mainly moved into tourism.
Macquarie Island Marine ParkGovernanceAustralian Toothfish FishersNoThere is actually fairly substantial evidence that this group among other legal toothfish operators have invested heavily in conserving toothfish stocks (MSC 2012; Osterbloom & Sumaila 2011).
Galapagos Marine Reserve (GMR)GovernanceGalapagos Tourism SectorNot Applicable
Wakatobi National Park GovernanceWakatobi Bajau fishersYesTo an extent - Bajau were traditionally nomadic and have always been wide-ranging based on seasons and abundance. Chui-Ling Tam reported that Bajau are now moving to more pelagic fisheries (pers comm)
Wakatobi National Park GovernanceWakatobi Bajau fishersYesYes the Bajau are traditionally migratory and their fishing grounds change seasonaly, including moving to more pelagic environments during the 'calm-sea season'.
Wakatobi National Park GovernanceWakatobi Bajau fishersYesYes the Bajau are traditionally migratory and their fishing grounds change seasonaly, including moving to more pelagic environments during the 'calm-sea season'.
Central California National Marine Sanctuaries GovernanceCalifornia Sanctuary Recreational UsersNoMight move from place to place according to population migrations, but does not degrade resources along the way.
Central California National Marine Sanctuaries GovernanceCalifornia Academic ResearchersNo
Central California National Marine Sanctuaries GovernanceCalifornia Academic ResearchersNo
Falkland Islands squidGovernancePatagonian Squid TrawlersYesLicense is specific to certain area, but will travel elsewhere for most productivity.
Raja Ampat (National Act No. 32 2004)GovernanceRaja Ampat Artisanal FishersNo
Raja Ampat (National Act No. 32 2004)GovernanceRaja Ampat Artisanal FishersNoNot for turtles - not a major catch species
Raja Ampat (National Act No. 32 2004)GovernanceRaja Ampat Artisanal FishersNo
Svalbard Nature ReservesGovernanceSvalbard TourismNoLittle degradation through tourism.
Central California National Marine Sanctuaries GovernanceCalifornia Groundfish FishermenNoA little bit, but mostly no, they have been constricted with area closures to only fish certain areas, and they typically don't go far to find new areas. Some travel to Alaska to fish when the fishing in California is poor or when quotas are too small.
Great Barrier Reef Marine ParkGovernanceGBR recreational fishersNo
Great Australian Bight Marine Park (GABMP) (Commonwealth Waters)GovernanceGABMP (Commonwealth Waters) Commercial FishersNo
Svalbard Nature ReservesGovernanceSvalbard Shrimp FishersYesFishermen may trawl for shrimp in various locations. Trawling not only depletes the shrimp, but may have negative impacts on the sea floor.
Great Australian Bight Marine Park (GABMP) (Commonwealth Waters)GovernanceGABMP (Commonwealth Waters) Commercial FishersNoThe SBT commercial fishers focus on SBT which is ranched. They may have access to other fisheries but their focus is SBT.
Great Barrier Reef Marine ParkGovernanceGBR commercial fishersNo
Macquarie Island Marine ParkGovernanceAustralian Toothfish FishersNot Applicable
Heard and McDonald Islands Marine ReserveGovernanceAustralian Toothfish Fishers 
Heard and McDonald Islands Marine ReserveGovernanceAustralian Toothfish FishersNo
Great Australian Bight Marine Park (GABMP) (Commonwealth Waters)GovernanceGABMP (Commonwealth Waters) Commercial FishersNo
Svalbard Nature ReservesGovernanceSvalbard TourismNoThere is likely little degradation through tourism.
Great Barrier Reef Marine ParkGovernanceGBR commercial fishersNot Applicable
Seaflower MPAGovernanceSeaflower artisanal fishersNot Applicable
Seaflower MPAGovernanceSeaflower artisanal fishersNoTheir range of influence is pretty local. However, they can move among different parts of the islands, or perhaps among islands and thus deplete the resource in that region.
Cenderwasih National ParkGovernanceCenderwasih fishersNo
Cenderwasih National ParkGovernanceCenderwasih fishersNo
New Zealand squidGovernanceNew Zealand Arrow Squid FishersNoStay in NZ waters
California squidGovernanceCalifornia market squid fishermenNo
Pond aquaculture on Lombok, IndonesiaGovernanceLombok aquaculture farmersNo
Pond aquaculture on Lombok, IndonesiaGovernanceLombok aquaculture farmers 
Caete-Teperacu Extractive Reserve (RESEX) in Braganca, BrazilGovernanceAssociation of Users in the Caete-Teperacu RESEX (ASSUREMACATA) in BrazilNo
Gili Trawangan Coastal TourismGovernanceSCUBA diving businesses on Gili TrawanganNo
Gili Trawangan Coastal TourismGovernanceGili Indah Dive Association (GIDA)No
Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica fisheries governanceGovernanceIsla Caballo AMPR Costa RicaYes
Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica fisheries governanceGovernancePalito-Montero AMPR Costa RicaYes