| Variable Type | Ordinal |
|---|---|
| Variable Component Type | Actor |
| Variable Kind | Interaction |
| Theme | Incentives (learn about themes) |
| Projects | SESMAD, Fiji fisheries |
| Question | How dependent are the members of the group on this commons for their cultural well-being? |
| Select Options | 1 Not dependent or Slightly dependent, 2 Moderately dependent, 3 Very dependent |
| Unit | |
| Role | CommonsUser |
| Importance | "Cultural dependence on a commons provides a glimpse into aspects of an actor group that encourage sustainable resource usage beyond mere economic drivers. Cultural influences could include the importance of a resource in their religion or spiritual belief system, in aspects of their everyday life, and may often go beyond use values. Resource dependency as a part of a group’s culture has been shown to drive decision-making regarding the governance of a resource in ways that go beyond governance of a resource driven by purely economic or use criteria. While not universally a driver of sustainability, cultural dependence often provides a strong defense of sustainable usage. It may help promote legitimacy, strong monitoring (no little need for external monitoring due to strong social norms for acceptable practice), and an alternative set of sanctions that include shaming or ostracism (Berkes et al. 1994; Gibson and Koontz 1997)." |
| Definition | "Cultural Dependence refers to the extent to which members of the actor group rely on the commons to maintain their culture. For pollutants this would mean that they are culturally reliant on the process that produces the pollutant (e.g. swidden agriculturalists produce smoke which contributes to air pollution) Slightly dependent: The actor group derives no or very little of its cultural well being from the use of this commons. Very Dependent: The actor group derives most or all of their cultural well being from the use of this commons." |
| Sectors |
Theory Usages
| Theory | Value Used |
|---|
Case Usages
| Case | Interaction Type | Component | Value Used | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Raja Ampat (National Act No. 32 2004) | Governance | Raja Ampat Artisanal Fishers | Very dependent (3) | long history and cultural associated with the sea |
| Community H (Fiji Fisheries) | Governance | Community H | Missing | |
| Community D (Fiji Fisheries) | Governance | Community D | ||
| Galapagos Marine Reserve (GMR) | Governance | Galapagos Artisan Fishermen | Moderately dependent (2) | Many fishers were not orignally from Galapagos and moved to the islands to exploit the fishery. Many have now moved into the tourism sector. |
| Falkland Islands squid | Governance | Patagonian Squid Trawlers | Not dependent or Slightly dependent (1) | Fairly new (1982) fishery, not critical for cultural well-being. However, fishery plays large role in current economy, high economic dependence. |
| Raja Ampat (National Act No. 32 2004) | Governance | Raja Ampat Artisanal Fishers | Very dependent (3) | long history and culture associated with the sea, although they also farm. |
| Svalbard Nature Reserves | Governance | Svalbard Shrimp Fishers | Not dependent or Slightly dependent (1) | The Norwegian shrimp fishery in the Barents Sea and the Svalbard zone started in 1970. |
| Svalbard Nature Reserves | Governance | Svalbard Tourism | Not dependent or Slightly dependent (1) | |
| Community B (Fiji Fisheries) | Governance | Community B | Missing | |
| Community C (Fiji Fisheries) | Governance | Community C | ||
| Community A (Fiji fisheries) | Governance | Community A | ||
| Wakatobi National Park | Governance | Wakatobi Bajau fishers | Very dependent (3) | traditionally sea nomads with long history and cultural associated with the sea |
| Raja Ampat (National Act No. 32 2004) | Governance | Raja Ampat Artisanal Fishers | Very dependent (3) | long history and cultural associated with the sea, although they also farm. |
| Central California National Marine Sanctuaries | Governance | California Sanctuary Recreational Users | Moderately dependent (2) | Humpback whales have long provided cultural services to the residents and tourists of this area. |
| Central California National Marine Sanctuaries | Governance | California Academic Researchers | Not dependent or Slightly dependent (1) | |
| Central California National Marine Sanctuaries | Governance | California Groundfish Fishermen | Moderately dependent (2) | Many groundfish fishermen self identify with their profession as passion, and see it as more than a source of income. |
| Galapagos Marine Reserve (GMR) | Governance | Galapagos Tourism Sector | Not dependent or Slightly dependent (1) | There is no long history in the Galapagos, and no local connections to green turtles |
| Macquarie Island Marine Park | Governance | Australian Toothfish Fishers | Not dependent or Slightly dependent (1) | Light-mantled albatross have limited cultural value to toothfish fishers. |
| Great Australian Bight Marine Park (GABMP) (Commonwealth Waters) | Governance | GABMP (Commonwealth Waters) Commercial Fishers | Moderately dependent (2) | Some towns in south Australia (e.g. Port Lincoln) are built around SBT fishing. |
| Great Australian Bight Marine Park (GABMP) (Commonwealth Waters) | Governance | GABMP (Commonwealth Waters) Commercial Fishers | Not dependent or Slightly dependent (1) | Not dependent on the southern right whale. But some towns in south Australia (e.g. Port Lincoln) are built around SBT fishing. |
| Community F (Fiji Fisheries) | Governance | Community F | Missing | |
| Wakatobi National Park | Governance | Wakatobi Bajau fishers | Very dependent (3) | traditionally sea nomads with long history and cultural associated with the sea |
| Cenderwasih National Park | Governance | Cenderwasih fishers | Very dependent (3) | long history and culture associated with the sea, although they also farm and many communtiies were originally hill tribes. |
| Seaflower MPA | Governance | Seaflower artisanal fishers | Very dependent (3) | Part of their tradition and identity. |
| Svalbard Nature Reserves | Governance | Svalbard Tourism | Not dependent or Slightly dependent (1) | |
| Central California National Marine Sanctuaries | Governance | California Academic Researchers | Not dependent or Slightly dependent (1) | |
| Heard and McDonald Islands Marine Reserve | Governance | Australian Toothfish Fishers | Not dependent or Slightly dependent (1) | |
| Macquarie Island Marine Park | Governance | Australian Toothfish Fishers | Not dependent or Slightly dependent (1) | |
| Community E (Fiji Fisheries) | Governance | Community E | Missing | |
| Cenderwasih National Park | Governance | Cenderwasih fishers | Very dependent (3) | long history and culture associated with the sea, although they also farm and many communtiies were originally hill tribes. |
| Community G (Fiji Fisheries) | Governance | Community G | Missing | |
| Great Barrier Reef Marine Park | Governance | GBR commercial fishers | Not Applicable | |
| Wakatobi National Park | Governance | Wakatobi Bajau fishers | Very dependent (3) | traditionally sea nomads with long history and cultural associated with the sea |
| California squid | Governance | California market squid fishermen | Moderately dependent (2) | Historical ties of community to this industry. Not critical, but important. Fishery was established in Monterey Bay in the mid-1800s (Vojkovich 1998). Was primarily Chinese dry-squid fishery, until Italian community introduced the lampara net in the early 1900s. |
| New Zealand squid | Governance | New Zealand Arrow Squid Fishers | Not dependent or Slightly dependent (1) | Relatively new fishery. |
| Great Barrier Reef Marine Park | Governance | GBR recreational fishers | Very dependent (3) | Claim that other leisure activities cannot replace recreational fishing |
| Raja Ampat (National Act No. 32 2004) | Governance | Raja Ampat Tourism | Not Applicable | |
| Great Australian Bight Marine Park (GABMP) (Commonwealth Waters) | Governance | GABMP (Commonwealth Waters) Commercial Fishers | Not dependent or Slightly dependent (1) | Not dependent on the Australian sealion. But some towns in south Australia (e.g. Port Lincoln) are built around SBT fishing. |
| Great Barrier Reef Marine Park | Governance | GBR recreational fishers | Not Applicable | |
| Heard and McDonald Islands Marine Reserve | Governance | Australian Toothfish Fishers | Not dependent or Slightly dependent (1) | Light mantled albatross have little to no cultural value to toothfish fishers. |
| Seaflower MPA | Governance | Seaflower artisanal fishers | Not Applicable | |
| Great Barrier Reef Marine Park | Governance | GBR commercial fishers | Moderately dependent (2) | Fishers identify strongly with being a fisher. |