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Social-Ecological Systems Meta-Analysis Database: Case

Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica fisheries governance

SummaryFisheries governance in the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica
Statuspublic
TeamStefan's team
Start Date2019-06-07
Coding Complete?Yes
Date Completed2019-06-07
SectorFisheries (Stock-specific), Marine protected areas
ProjectSESMAD
Data Source(s)Primary data, Secondary data
CountryCosta Rica
External Biophysical
External Social
Snapshots
Timeline
Modeling Issues
Surveys
Theories

Visualization

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Attached Components

Actors

Name:
Palito-Montero AMPR Costa Rica
details
Past collaboration:
High (3)
Costs of exit:
Yes
Proportionality (of costs and benefits):
 
Interest heterogeneity:
Low (1)
Leadership:
["", "Formal leader"]
Leadership authority:
Low (1)
Actor group trust:
Low (1)
Personal communication:
More than once a year (5)
Remote communication:
More than once a year (5)
Leadership accountability:
Low (1)
Actor group coordination:
Both formal and informal
Name:
Isla Caballo AMPR Costa Rica
details
Past collaboration:
Low (1)
Costs of exit:
Missing
Proportionality (of costs and benefits):
Missing
Interest heterogeneity:
High (3)
Leadership:
["", "Formal leader"]
Leadership authority:
Low (1)
Actor group trust:
Low (1)
Personal communication:
More than once a year (5)
Remote communication:
More than once a year (5)
Leadership accountability:
Low (1)
Actor group coordination:
Both formal and informal
Name:
Paquera-Tambor AMPR Costa Rica
details
Past collaboration:
Medium (2)
Costs of exit:
Missing
Proportionality (of costs and benefits):
Missing
Interest heterogeneity:
Medium (2)
Leadership:
["", "Formal leader"]
Leadership authority:
High (3)
Actor group trust:
Medium (2)
Personal communication:
More than once a year (5)
Remote communication:
More than once a year (5)
Leadership accountability:
High (3)
Actor group coordination:
Both formal and informal

Governance Systems

Name:
Marine Areas for Responsible Fishing (AMPRs) Costa Rica
details
Type of formal governance:
Management plan
End Date:
 
Begin date:
2009
First AMPR in 2009
Governance trigger:
slow continuous change
To include small-scale fisheries into national marine and coastal development processes
Governance system description:
Community-based co-management policy framework for small-scale fisheries
In Costa Rica, Marine Areas of Responsible Fishing (AMPRs) have been established as a community-based co-management model for SSF governance (Fargier et al. 2014; García Lozano and Heinen 2016a). The AMPR model was proposed and implemented by the Costa Rican National Institute of Fishing and Aquaculture (INCOPESCA), a Costa Rican government organization. The AMPR model reflects Costa Rica’s commitment to the implementation of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations Small-Scale Fisheries Guidelines (FAO 2015a,b; Jentoft et al. 2017) and the code of Conduct for responsible fisheries (FAO 1995). In addition, a national decree1 has approved the ‘National Plan for the Development of Fisheries and Aquaculture’, which commits to implementing the codes of conduct from the FAO, implement and follow more AMPRs, along with other goals. Recently, resources have been assigned to INCOPESCA in the National Development Plan for 2015–2018 for the creation of more Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and AMPRs, to promote the participation of local communities and facilitate sustainable use (MIDEPLAN 2014). Sánchez (2018) has reported on achievements between 2014 and 2018 regarding more participation of local fishing communities and the support of government and non-governmental organizations in financing and/or capacity building, developing aquaculture projects, facilitating access to markets, and net- work promotion between the AMPRs.
Governance scale:
State-based policy
Centralization:
Somewhat decentralized (2)
Metric diversity:
Medium: Few metrics for success (2)
MPA primary goal (in practice):
["", "Fisheries improvement", "Social goals"]
Community empowerment and inclusion in fisheries management, stabilize fish stocks. Development of alternative livelihoods such as aquaculture and tourism beyond fishing.
MPA motivation:
["", "Other"]
MPA protection:
["", "Reducing threats", "Other"]
MPA internal natural boundaries:
Low (1)
Distance to markets:
Between 10-100km (2)
MPA budget:
Missing
PA IUCN strict zones:
Missing
MPA connectivity:
Missing
PA CAR principles:
Partially (2)
MPA migratory benefit:
Missing
MPA migratory life history:
Missing
MPA threats to migratory sp:
Missing
MPA migratory threats and redux:
Missing
Social-ecological fit:
Low (1)
Governance knowledge use:
["", "Scientific knowledge", "Local/traditional knowledge"]
MPA IUCN somewhat strict zones:
Missing
MPA IUCN sustainable zones :
Missing
MPA threats:
Overfishing. Pollution.
Governance system spatial extent:
1550 whole Gulf of Nicoya
7 different AMPRs in the Gulf of Nicoya, all of which are much smaller areas.
Horizontal coordination:
Both formal and informal

Environmental Commons

Name:
Gulf of Nicoya fisheries
details
Productivity:
Very productive (3)
Commons spatial extent:
1550
Environmental medium:
Oceanic
Commons heterogeneity:
High (3)
Intra annual predictability:
Missing
Inter annual predictability:
Missing
Technical substitute:
No
Commons boundaries:
Clear boundaries (3)
Commons renewability:
Renewable (1)
Commons accessibility:
Very accessible (3)
Internal Ecological Connectivity:
Missing
External Ecological Connectivity:
Missing

Component Interactions

Governance Interaction

Fishing in AMPRs

Governs:
Marine Areas for Responsible Fishing (AMPRs) Costa Rica (Governance System)
Commons User:
Paquera-Tambor AMPR Costa Rica (Actor)
Commons User:
Isla Caballo AMPR Costa Rica (Actor)
Commons User:
Palito-Montero AMPR Costa Rica (Actor)
Primary:
Gulf of Nicoya fisheries (Environmental Common)