| Summary | Large, chemical firms; originally source of most of point source pollution in the form of heavy metals |
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| Project | SESMAD |
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| Subtype | Corporation |
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| Sector | Fresh Water Pollution |
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| Interest Heterogeneity | Low (1) |
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| Explanation | Chemical corporations all emit heavy metals as part of their basic production processes. |
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| Costs Of Exit | Yes |
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| Explanation | Pharmaceutical or steel industries require very high capital investments |
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| Proportionality (Of Costs And Benefits) | Yes |
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| Explanation | The industry enjoyed good economic juncture; also there were prospects to export the new developed technologies to other countries. |
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| Actor Group Coordination | Formal |
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| Explanation | This is particularly evident in Germany (with France the main polluting country), which hosts both a German Association of the Chemical Industry (VCI) and the Abwassertechnische Vereinigung (the professional association of German wastewater specialists).
At the European level, there is the CEFIC, which is the forum and voice of the European chemical industry. It represents about 40 000 large, medium and small chemical companies in Europe. It is made up of various national chemical industry federations as well as a number of large international companies. |
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| Leadership | |
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| Explanation | |
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| Leadership Accountability | |
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| Explanation | |
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| Leadership Authority | |
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| Explanation | |
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| Actor Group Trust | |
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| Explanation | |
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| Past Collaboration | Medium (2) |
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| Explanation | Collaboration at the European level was not fully developed .
(see also "coordination" variable) |
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| Personal Communication | |
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| Explanation | |
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| Remote Communication | |
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| Explanation | |
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