| Summary | The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty that governs the production and use of ozone depleting substances in nation states that are signatories. At present this includes all nations states recognized by the United Nations. | |
|---|---|---|
| Project | SESMAD | |
| Subtype | Formal Governance System | |
| Sector | Air Pollution | |
| Begin Date | 1989 | |
| Explanation | The Montreal Protocol entered into force on January 1st, 1989. Since then a variety of amendments have been proposed and accepted which have tended to accelerate the rate of implementation. | |
| End Date | Current | |
| Explanation | ||
| Governance Scale | International Regime | |
| Explanation | ||
| Governance System Description | The protocol, enacted on January 1, 1989, is a universally adopted treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by gradually reducing and, in some cases, eliminating the production of a variety of ozone-depleting substances (ODS) through restrictions on emissions by particular industries regulated by nation-states. The treaty was convened under the authority of the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone and has been revised seven times. it is expected that the cumulative reductions in the emission of ODS will begin to have an impact on global ozone concentrations toward the middle of the twenty-first century (Ravishankara 2009). | |
| Explanation | ||
| Governance Trigger | slow continuous change | |
| Explanation | ||
| Type Of Formal Governance | Treaty | |
| Explanation | ||
| Centralization | Highly centralized (4) | |
| Explanation | ||